Kıkırdak Defektlerinin Tedavisinde Güncel Cerrahi Yaklaşımlar

Yazarlar

Bünyamin Arı
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9720-1869

Özet

Kıkırdak dokunun sınırlı iyileşme potansiyeli nedeniyle travmatik osteokondral defektlerin tedavisi, mikrokırık gibi geleneksel cerrahi yöntemlerden otolog kondrosit implantasyonu (ACI) gibi hücre temelli rejeneratif yaklaşımlara kadar geniş bir yelpazeyi kapsamaktadırGüncel tedavilerde doku mühendisliği ürünü skaffoldlar, mezenkimal ve uyarılmış pluripotent kök hücreler ile 3D biyo-baskı teknolojileri kullanılarak hiyalin kıkırdak yapısının en yakın şekilde taklit edilmesi hedeflenmektedirAyrıca, eklem içi sürtünmeyi azaltan lubrisin-mimetik moleküller ve gen terapisi gibi yenilikçi stratejiler, özellikle osteoartrit zeminindeki kıkırdak hasarlarının onarım başarısını artırmak için geliştirilmektedirMevcut hiçbir yöntem doğal hiyalin kıkırdağı tam olarak geri getiremese de, biyoteknolojik gelişmeler uzun süreli klinik restorasyon için umut vaat etmektedir.

 

Treatment of traumatic osteochondral defects remains challenging due to the limited healing potential of cartilage, ranging from traditional surgical techniques like microfracture to cell-based regenerative approaches such as autologous chondrocyte implantation (ACI)Current strategies focus on mimicking hyaline cartilage using tissue-engineered scaffolds, mesenchymal or induced pluripotent stem cells, and 3D bioprinting technologiesInnovative approaches including lubricin-mimetic molecules to reduce friction and gene therapy are being developed to enhance repair outcomes, particularly in osteoarthritic conditionsAlthough no current treatment perfectly restores original hyaline cartilage, advancements in biotechnology offer promising pathways for achieving long-term clinical restoration.

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