Retinal Görsel Protezler (Biyonik Göz)
Özet
Retinal protezler, retinitis pigmentosa ve yaşa bağlı makula dejenerasyonu gibi ciddi retina hastalıkları nedeniyle görme kaybı yaşayan bireylere temel görme duyusunu geri kazandırmak amacıyla geliştirilen teknolojik cihazlardır. Bu sistemler; elektrotların yerleşimine göre epiretinal, subretinal ve suprakoroidal olmak üzere üç ana gruba ayrılırken, günümüzde klinik olarak en yaygın kullanılan sistem FDA onaylı Argus II'dir. Elektriksel uyarım prensibiyle çalışan bu "biyonik gözler", hastaların hareket yönünü seçebilmelerine, ışık algısı kazanmalarına ve günlük yaşamda yön belirleme kabiliyetlerini artırmalarına yardımcı olmaktadır.
Retinal prostheses are technological devices designed to restore basic vision in individuals with severe vision loss due to degenerative retinal diseases such as retinitis pigmentosa and age-related macular degeneration. These systems are categorized into three main types based on electrode placement—epiretinal, subretinal, and suprachoroidal—with the FDA-approved Argus II being the most clinically established system. Operating on the principle of electrical stimulation, these "bionic eyes" enable patients to detect the direction of movement, perceive light, and improve their ability to navigate and orient themselves.
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