Modernization of Primary Education in the Ottoman State and the Jews of Turkey

The relationship between the Ottoman Empire and the Jews started in the 16th century. In the 15th century, Jews in Europe were expelled from England, France and the Iberian peninsula due to “anti-Semitism”. In addition to the local Jews living on the territory of the Ottoman Empire, those expelled from Europe settled in these lands in a free environment. They established a solid relationship with the Turks based on trust. Especially apart from those coming from most parts of the world, Sephardim Jews formed the innovative society of the state with their intellectual character. The Jews, who used to have banking and trade, lost their powerful positions to Greeks and Armenians over time.