Bulk-Fill Kompozitlerde Polimerizasyon Büzülmesinin Mikro-Bilgisayarlı Tomografi ile Değerlendirilmesi: Literatür Derlemesi
Özet
Bu literatür derlemesinde, dental kompozit rezinlerin polimerizasyon büzülmesi ve büzülme stresi gibi temel dezavantajları ele alınmakta, bu etkilerin değerlendirilmesinde mikro-bilgisayarlı tomografi (µ-BT) yönteminin rolü incelenmektedir. Polimerizasyon büzülmesi, restorasyon ve diş dokusu arasında marjinal aralanmalara, mikro çatlaklara ve restorasyon kayıplarına yol açabilmektedir. Bu olumsuzlukları gidermek amacıyla geliştirilen ve tek seferde 4-5 mm'ye kadar uygulanabilen bulk-fill kompozitler, klinik prosedürleri hızlandırmaktadır. Numunelere zarar vermeden üç boyutlu kalitatif ve kantitatif analiz imkanı sunan µ-BT, bulk-fill kompozitlerin hacimsel büzülme, internal/marjinal adaptasyon, boşluk (pörözite) oluşumu, büzülme vektörleri ve kaspal defleksiyon özelliklerinin incelenmesinde etkin bir araçtır. Çalışmalar, bulk-fill kompozitlerin konvansiyonel restoratif materyallere benzer veya daha düşük büzülme gösterdiğini, akışkan formlarının yüksek viskozitelilere göre daha fazla hacimsel büzülme sergilediğini ve ön ısıtmanın boşluk oranlarını azalttığını ortaya koymaktadır. Sonuç olarak µ-BT, yeni nesil bulk-fill kompozitlerin klinik davranışlarının yüksek doğrulukla tahmin edilmesine katkı sağlamaktadır.
In this literature review, the main disadvantages of dental composite resins, such as polymerization shrinkage and shrinkage stress, are addressed, and the role of micro-computed tomography (µ-CT) in evaluating these effects is examined. Polymerization shrinkage can lead to marginal gaps, microcracks, and restoration failures between the restoration and tooth tissue. Developed to overcome these issues and applicable up to 4-5 mm in a single increment, bulk-fill composites accelerate clinical procedures. Providing non-destructive three-dimensional qualitative and quantitative analysis, µ-CT is an effective tool for investigating the volumetric shrinkage, internal/marginal adaptation, void (porosity) formation, shrinkage vectors, and cuspal deflection properties of bulk-fill composites. Studies reveal that bulk-fill composites exhibit similar or lower shrinkage compared to conventional restorative materials, flowable forms show higher volumetric shrinkage than high-viscosity ones, and pre-heating reduces void rates. Consequently, µ-CT contributes to predicting the clinical behavior of next-generation bulk-fill composites with high accuracy.
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