CAD/CAM Sistemlerinde Kullanılan Kompozit Rezin Bazlı Materyaller ve Tamir Yöntemleri
Özet
Bilgisayar destekli tasarım ve üretim (CAD/CAM) sistemlerinde kullanılan kompozit rezin bazlı blok ve diskler, endüstriyel koşullarda polimerize edilerek geleneksel direkt kompozitlerin büzülme ve monomer salınımı gibi dezavantajlarını gidermekte ve daha gelişmiş mekanik, fiziksel, biyolojik ve estetik özellikler sunmaktadır. Seramiklerle kıyaslandığında lösit seramiklerden yüksek, lityum disilikattan ise daha düşük eğme dayanımına sahip olan bu materyaller, elastisite modüllerinin diş dokularına yakın olması sayesinde özellikle bruksizm hastalarında çiğneme kuvvetlerini absorbe eder ve karşıt diş aşınmasını minimumda tutar. Klinik başarı ve biyofilm birikiminin önlenmesi adına restorasyonların bitim aşamasında polisaj işlemleri ve rezin bloklar için üstün biyouyumluluk özelliklerinin korunması kritik önem taşır. Yüksek dönüşüm dereceleri sebebiyle zamanla azalan bağlanma potansiyellerini artırmak amacıyla tamir aşamasında minimal invaziv yaklaşımlarla yüzey pürüzlendirme işlemlerine ihtiyaç duyulmaktadır. Bu doğrultuda kimyasal pürüzlendirme (hidroflorik asit), air abrazyon, tribokimyasal silika kaplama, elmas frez uygulamaları ve Er:YAG gibi lazer yöntemleri ile birlikte, organik ve inorganik yapıları birbirine bağlayan silan ve 10-MDP içerikli universal adeziv sistemlerin kullanımı restorasyon ömrünü uzatmaktadır.
Composite resin-based blocks and disks used in computer-aided design and manufacturing (CAD/CAM) systems are polymerized under industrial conditions, overcoming disadvantages of conventional direct composites such as polymerization shrinkage and monomer release, while offering enhanced mechanical, physical, biological, and aesthetic properties. Compared to ceramics, these materials exhibit higher flexural strength than leucite ceramics but lower than lithium disilicate, and since their elasticity modulus is close to dental tissues, they absorb occlusal forces and minimize antagonistic tooth wear, especially in bruxism patients. Polishing procedures during the finishing stage of restorations and maintaining superior biocompatibility features are critical for clinical success and preventing biofilm accumulation. Due to their high degree of conversion, surface roughening procedures via minimally invasive approaches are required during repair to increase their bonding potential, which decreases over time. In this regard, the use of chemical etching (hydrofluoric acid), air abrasion, tribochemical silica coating, diamond bur applications, and laser methods like Er:YAG, along with universal adhesive systems containing silane and 10-MDP that cross-link organic and inorganic structures, extends the lifespan of restorations.
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