Sepsis
Özet
Sepsis, enfeksiyona karşı konağın düzensiz yanıtı sonucu gelişen ve yaşamı tehdit eden bir organ disfonksiyonudur. Güncel Sepsis-3 tanımına göre organ hasarı, Ardışık Organ Yetmezliği Değerlendirme (SOFA) skorunda en az 2 puanlık akut artışla belirlenmekte ve yoğun bakım dışındaki hastalar için hızlı SOFA (qSOFA) yatak başı skorlaması kullanılmaktadır. Yoğun bakım ünitelerinde en sık görülen ölüm nedenlerinden biri olan sepsiste mortalite; ileri yaş, komorbiditeler ve hastane kaynaklı enfeksiyonlar gibi risk faktörleriyle doğrudan artmaktadır. Tedavide erken tanı ve multidisipliner yaklaşım kritik rol oynar; bu kapsamda laktat ölçümü, kan kültürü alımı, geniş spektrumlu ampirik antibiyotik uygulaması ve sıvı resüsitasyonunu içeren "1 saatlik demet" protokolünün hızla uygulanması sağ kalımı artırmada hayati önem taşır.
Sepsis is a life-threatening clinical syndrome characterized by organ dysfunction resulting from a dysregulated host response to infection. According to the current Sepsis-3 consensus, organ dysfunction is defined by an acute increase of two or more points in the Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score, while the quick SOFA (qSOFA) score serves as a bedside tool outside intensive care units. As a leading cause of mortality in ICUs globally, its prognosis is worsened by risk factors such as advanced age, comorbidities, and healthcare-associated infections. Timely intervention remains critical; implementing the "1-hour bundle"—which encompasses lactate measurement, blood culture collection, broad-spectrum empiric antibiotics, and aggressive fluid resuscitation—is vital to reducing mortality rates.
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