Bee Venom’s Applications and Effects on Animals
Özet
"Bee Venom's Applications and Effects on Animals" by Banu Yücel offers a comprehensive exploration of apitherapy as a powerful, natural alternative to synthetic drugs and antibiotics in animal husbandry and veterinary medicine. Addressing the urgent global challenge of antibiotic resistance and food safety, this work details the biochemical composition of honeybee venom (apitoxin)—highlighting vital enzymes and bioactive peptides such as melittin, apamin, phospholipase-A, and hyaluronidase—and thoroughly analyzes its anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antiviral, and biostimulatory properties. The text systematically examines empirical findings across diverse species: in poultry, bee venom supplementation in drinking water or spray form enhances growth performance, daily weight gain, antioxidant capacity, and antibody-mediated immunity against bacterial pathogens like Salmonella Gallinarum; in ruminants and livestock, subcutaneous or intradermal administration shows significant therapeutic success in reducing somatic cell counts in bovine mastitis and resolving foot-and-mouth disease symptoms; and in pet animals, apitoxin-aquapuncture stimulates endogenous cortisol production to alleviate canine osteoarthritis and accelerate tissue repair. By synthesizing extensive scientific research, this chapter positions bee venom as a safe, highly bioavailable, and sustainable immunostimulant, making it an invaluable resource for researchers, veterinarians, and livestock breeders seeking innovative approaches to optimize animal health, welfare, and overall production performance.
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