Nitel Araştırmalar (SRQR)
Özet
Nitel araştırmalar, bireysel deneyimleri ve sosyal süreçleri doğal ortamlarında inceleyerek sağlık ve sosyal bilimler literatürüne derinlemesine katkı sunan çalışmalardır. Sağlık alanında giderek daha fazla değer görmesine rağmen, bu çalışmaların raporlanmasındaki eksiklikler metodolojik standartların net bir şekilde tanımlanmasını ve uygulanmasını zorunlu kılmıştır. Bu ihtiyacı karşılamak amacıyla geliştirilen SRQR (Nitel Araştırma Raporlama Standartları), başlık seçiminden veri analizine kadar 21 maddelik bir kontrol listesi sunarak araştırmaların şeffaflığını ve yayın kalitesini artırmayı hedefler. Araştırmacılar için hem planlama hem de raporlama aşamasında rehberlik eden bu standartlar, karmaşık sosyal olguların ve katılımcı deneyimlerinin okuyucuya en doğru ve güvenilir şekilde aktarılmasını sağlar.
Qualitative research offers in-depth contributions to health and social science literature by examining individual experiences and social processes in their natural settings. Despite its growing value in the health field, reporting deficiencies have necessitated the clear definition and implementation of methodological standards. Developed to meet this need, the SRQR (Standards for Reporting Qualitative Research) provides a 21-item checklist covering everything from title selection to data analysis, aiming to enhance research transparency and publication quality. Guiding researchers during both the planning and reporting phases, these standards ensure that complex social phenomena and participant experiences are conveyed to the reader in the most accurate and reliable manner.
Referanslar
Lingard L, Kennedy TJSwanwick T. Qualitative research in medical education. Understanding Medical Education: Evidence, Theory and Practice. 2010 Oxford, UK Wiley-Blackwell:323–335
Harris IBNorman GR, van der Vleuten CPM, Newble DI. Qualitative methods. International Handbook of Research in Medical Education. 2002 Dordrecht, Netherlands Kluwer Academic Publishers:45–95
Denzin N, Lincoln Y. Introduction: The discipline and practice of qualitative research. The Sage Handbook of Qualitative Research. 20053rd ed Thousand Oaks, Calif Sage Publications, Inc.:1–32
Kuper A, Reeves S, Levinson W. An introduction to reading and appraising qualitative research. BMJ. 2008;337:404–407).
Cardona-Arias JA, Salas-Zapata W, Carmona-Fonseca J. Systematic review of qualitative studies about malaria in Colombia. Heliyon. 2020 May 18;6(5):e03964. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e03964. PMID: 32885059; PMCID: PMC7452435.
Fei YT, Liu JP, Yu H, Wan X. [Introduction to the consolidated criteria for reporting qualitative research]. Zhong Xi Yi Jie He Xue Bao. 2008 Feb;6(2):115-8. Chinese. doi: 10.3736/jcim20080202. PMID: 18241642.
Reeves S, Levinson W. An introduction to reading and appraising qualitative research. BMJ. 2008;337:404–407
Dunt D, McKenzie R. Improving the quality of qualitative studies: Do reporting guidelines have a place? Fam Pract. 2012;29:367–369
Côté L, Turgeon J. Appraising qualitative research articles in medicine and medical education. Med Teach. 2005;27:71–75
Bordage G, Caelleigh AS. A tool for reviewers: “Review criteria for research manuscripts.” Acad Med. 2001;76:904–951, Task Force of Academic Medicine and the GEA-RIME Committee. . Appendix 1: Checklist of review criteria. Acad Med. 2001;76:958–959
Malterud K. Qualitative research: Standards, challenges, and guidelines. Lancet. 2001;358:483–488
Inui TS, Frankel RM. Evaluating the quality of qualitative research: A proposal pro tem. J Gen Intern Med. 1991;6:485–486
Devers KJ. How will we know” good” qualitative research when we see it? Beginning the dialogue in health services research. Health Serv Res. 1999;34:1153
Duran RP, Eisenhart MA, Erickson FD, et al. Standards for reporting on empirical social science research in AERA publications. Educ Res. 2006;35:33–40
Newman M, Elbourne D. Improving the usability of educational research: Guidelines for the reporting of primary empirical research studies in education (The REPOSE Guidelines). Eval Res Educ. 2004;18:201–212
O'Brien BC, Harris IB, Beckman TJ, Reed DA, Cook DA. Standards for reporting qualitative research: a synthesis of recommendations. Acad Med. 2014 Sep;89(9):1245-51. doi: 10.1097/ACM.0000000000000388. PMID: 24979285
Dossett LA, Kaji AH, Cochran A. SRQR and COREQ Reporting Guidelines for Qualitative Studies. JAMA Surg. 2021 Sep 1;156(9):875-876. doi: 10.1001/jamasurg.2021.0525. PMID: 33825809.
Mayer G, Alvarez S, Gronewold N, Schultz JH. Expressions of Individualization on the Internet and Social Media: Multigenerational Focus Group Study. J Med Internet Res. 2020 Nov 4;22(11):e20528. doi: 10.2196/20528. PMID: 33146622; PMCID: PMC7673976.
Aon M, Sungusia H, Brasholt M, Van Den Bergh B, Modvig J. Voices of torture survivors in Tanzania: A qualitative study. Torture. 2018;28(3):92-103. doi: 10.7146/torture.v28i3.111199. PMID: 30649844
El Hussein MT, Fast O. Gut feeling: A grounded theory study to identify clinical educators' reasoning processes in putting students on a learning contract. J Clin Nurs. 2020 Jan;29(1-2):75-84. doi: 10.1111/jocn.15058. Epub 2019 Oct 14. PMID: 31512306.
Rognstad MK, Nåden D, Ulstein I, Kvaal K, Langhammer B, Sagbakken M. Behavioural disturbances in patients with frontotemporal lobe degeneration focusing on caregiver burden at home and in nursing homes. J Clin Nurs. 2020 May;29(9-10):1733-1743. doi: 10.1111/jocn.15208. Epub 2020 Feb 27. PMID: 32043293.
Adegbola SO, Dibley L, Sahnan K, Wade T, Verjee A, Sawyer R, Mannick S, McCluskey D, Yassin N, Phillips RKS, Tozer PJ, Norton C, Hart AL. Burden of disease and adaptation to life in patients with Crohn's perianal fistula: a qualitative exploration. Health Qual Life Outcomes. 2020 Nov 20;18(1):370. doi: 10.1186/s12955-020-01622-7. PMID: 33218361; PMCID: PMC7678264.
Jackson C, Lowton K, Griffiths P. Infection prevention as "a show": a qualitative study of nurses' infection prevention behaviours. Int J Nurs Stud. 2014 Mar;51(3):400-8. doi: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2013.07.002. Epub 2013 Aug 1. PMID: 23915562.
Tenny S, Brannan GD, Brannan JM, Sharts-Hopko NC. Qualitative Study. 2021 May 30. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2021 Jan–. PMID: 29262162
Shamsaei F, Yaghmaei S, Haghighi M. Exploring the lived experiences of the suicide attempt survivors: a phenomenological approach. Int J Qual Stud Health Well-being. 2020 Dec;15(1):1745478. doi: 10.1080/17482631.2020.1745478. PMID: 32223374; PMCID: PMC7172699
Smith, J. A., & Osborn, M. (2008). Interpretive phenomenological analysis. In J. A. Smith (Ed.), Qualitative psychology: A practical guide to research method (pp. 53–80). Sage
Dodgson JE. Reflexivity in Qualitative Research. J Hum Lact. 2019 May;35(2):220-222. doi: 10.1177/0890334419830990. Epub 2019 Mar 8. PMID: 30849272
Shah A. Difficulties experienced by a Gujarati geriatric psychiatrist in interviewing Gujarati elders in Gujarati. International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry. 1999 Dec;14(12):1072-1074. DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1099-1166(199912)14:12<1072::aid-gps93>3.0.co;2-w. PMID: 10607975
Love B, Henderson J, Johnson A, et al. The Challenges of Conducting Qualitative Research on “couples” in Abusive Intimate Partner Relationships Involving Substance Use. Qualitative Health Research. 2021;31(4):767-777. doi:10.1177/1049732320975722
Dickson-Swift, V., James, E., Kippen, S., Liamputtong, P. (2009). Researching sensitive topics: Qualitative research as emotion work. Qualitative Research, 9(1), 61–79. https://doi.org/10.1177/1468794108098031
Korstjens I, Moser A. Series: Practical guidance to qualitative research. Part 2: Context, research questions and designs. Eur J Gen Pract. 2017 Dec;23(1):274-279. doi: 10.1080/13814788.2017.1375090. PMID: 29185826
Lefèvre H, Moro MR, Lachal J. Research in adolescent healthcare: The value of qualitative methods. Arch Pediatr. 2019 Oct;26(7):426-430. doi: 10.1016/j.arcped.2019.09.012. Epub 2019 Oct 12. PMID: 31611145
Moser A, Korstjens I. Series: Practical guidance to qualitative research. Part 3: Sampling, data collection and analysis. Eur J Gen Pract. 2018 Dec;24(1):9-18. doi: 10.1080/13814788.2017.1375091. Epub 2017 Dec 4. PMID: 29199486; PMCID: PMC5774281
Polit DF, Beck CT. Nursing research: Generating and assessing evidence for nursing practice. 10th ed. Philadelphia (PA): Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins; 2017
Sun W, Zhou Y, Chen WT, Huang F, Sun M, Shen L, Gao Y, Zhang Q, Ma S, Shiu C, Zhang L, Lu H. Disclosure experience among COVID-19-confirmed patients in China: A qualitative study. J Clin Nurs. 2021 Mar;30(5-6):783-792. doi: 10.1111/jocn.15616. Epub 2021 Jan 15. PMID: 33349988.).
Peter E. The ethics in qualitative health research: special considerations. Cien Saude Colet. 2015 Sep;20(9):2625-30. doi: 10.1590/1413-81232015209.06762015. PMID: 26331494.
Baker L, Phelan S, Snelgrove R, Varpio L, Maggi J, Ng S. Recognizing and responding to ethically important moments in qualitative research. J Grad Med Educ. 2016;8:607–8.
Paradis, E., Varpio, L. Difficult but important questions about the ethics of qualitative research. Perspect Med Educ 7, 65–66 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40037-018-0414-0
Bonevski B, Randell M, Paul C, et al. Reaching the hard-to-reach: a systematic review of strategies for improving health and medical research with socially disadvantaged groups. BMC Med Res Methodol. 2014;14:42.
Kruger R, Casey M. Focus groups: A practical guide for applied research. Thousand Oaks (CA): Sage; 2015.
Hollin IL, Craig BM, Coast J, Beusterien K, Vass C, DiSantostefano R, Peay H. Reporting Formative Qualitative Research to Support the Development of Quantitative Preference Study Protocols and Corresponding Survey Instruments: Guidelines for Authors and Reviewers. Patient. 2020 Feb;13(1):121-136. doi: 10.1007/s40271-019-00401-x. PMID: 31840215.
Abiiro GA, Leppert G, Mbera GB, Robyn PJ, De Allegri M. Developing attributes and attribute-levels for a discrete choice experiment on micro health insurance in rural Malawi. BMC Health Serv Res. 2014;14:235.
Carter N, Bryant-Lukosius D, DiCenso A, Blythe J, Neville AJ. The use of triangulation in qualitative research. Oncol Nurs Forum. 2014 Sep;41(5):545-7. doi: 10.1188/14.ONF.545-547. PMID: 25158659.
