Serebral Fizyoloji

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Mori K, Maeda M, Miyazaki M, Iwase H.Effects of mild and moderate hypothermia on cerebral metabolism and glutamate in an experimental head injury. Acta Neurochir Suppl,1998, 71:222-224.

Bradley H, Franklin D, Johann C, Smith T . pH-stat management reduces the cerebral metabolic rate for oxygen during profound hypothermia (17°C). Anesthesiology,1995, 82:938-991.

Mack PF, Young WL. Neurophysiology. In: Hemmings H, Hopkins P (eds) Foundation of Anesthesia. Harcourt Publishers Limited, St Louis,2000, 201-211.

Bere J. Pathophysiology of the cerebral circulation. ESARefresher Course Lectures Book,2000,41-45.

Melby JM, Miner LC, Reed DJ. Effect of acetazolarnide and furosemide on the production and composition of cerebrospinal fluid from the cat choroid plexus. Can J Physiol Pharmacol,1998, 60:405- 409.

Donato T, Shapira Y, Artru AA, Powers KM. Effect of mannitol on cerebrospinal fluid dynamics and brain tissue edema. Anesth Analg,1994,78:58-63.

Lindvall-Axelsson M, Redner P, Owman C. Corticosteroid action on choroid plexus: reduction in Na+-K+¬ ATPase activity, choline transport capacity, and rate of CSF form tion. Exp Brain Res,1989 77:605-610.

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Eisenberg HM, Frankowski RF, Contant CF, et al. Hig dose barbiturate control of elevated intracranial pressure in patient with severe head injury. J Neurosurg,1998, 69:15-23.

Ravussin, P., Tempelhoff, R., Modica, P. A., & Bayer-Berger, M. M. Propofol vs. thiopental-isoflurane for neurosurgical anesthesia: comparison of hemodynamics, CSF pressure, and recovery. Journal of neurosurgical anesthesiology,1991, 3(2), 85-95.

Albanese J, Arnaud S, Rey M, et al. Ketamine decreases intracranial pressure and electroencephalographie activity in traumatic brain injury patients during propofol sedation. Anesthesiology,1997,87:1328-1334.

Todd MM, Weeks J: Comparative effects of propofol, pentobarbital, and isoflurane on cerebral blood flow and blood volume. J Neurosurg Anesth 1996; 8:296-303.

Weeks JB, Todd MM, Warner DS, et al: The influence of halothane, isoflurane, and pentobarbital on cerebral plasma volume in hypocapnic and normocapnic rats. Anesthesiology 1990; 73:461-466.

Michenfelder JD: The interdependency of cerebral functional and metabolic effects following massive doses of thiopental in the dog. Anesthesiology 1974; 41:231-236.

Gronert GA, Michenfelder JD, Sharbrough FW, et al: Canine cerebral metabolic tolerance during 24 hours deep pentobarbital anesthesia. Anesthesiology 1981; 55:110-113.

Sawada Y, Sugimoto H, Kobayashi H, et al: Acute tolerance to high-dose barbiturate treatment in patients with severe head injuries. Anesthesiology 1982; 56:53-54.

Vandesteene A, Trempont V, Engelman E, et al: Effect of propofol on cerebral blood flow and metabolism in man. Anaesthesia 1988; 43(Suppl):42-43.

Fox J, Gelb AW, Enns J, et al: The responsiveness of cerebral blood flow to changes in arterial carbon dioxide is maintained during propofol–nitrous oxide anesthesia in humans. Anesthesiology 1992; 77:453-456.

Cold GE, Eskesen V, Eriksen H, et al: CBF and CMRO2 during continuous etomidate infusion supplemented with N2O and fentanyl in patients with supratentorial cerebral tumour. A dose-response study. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 1985; 29:490-494.

Dearden NM, McDowall DG: Comparison of etomidate and althesin in the reduction of increased intracranial pressure after head injury. Br J Anaesth 1985; 57:361-368.

Hoffman WE, Charbel FT, Edelman G, et al: Comparison of the effect of etomidate and desflurane on brain tissue gases and pH during prolonged middle cerebral artery occlusion. Anesthesiology 1998; 88:1188-1194.

Strebel S, Kaufmann M, Maitre L, et al: Effects of ketamine on cerebral blood flow velocity in humans. Influence of pretreatment with midazolam or esmolol. Anaesthesia 1995; 50:223-228.

Cavazzuti M, Porro CA, Biral GP, et al: Ketamine effects on local cerebral blood flow and metabolism in the rat. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 1987; 7:806-811.

Vollenweider FX, Leenders KL, Oye I, et al: Differential psychopathology and patterns of cerebral glucose utilisation produced by (S)- and (R)-ketamine in healthy volunteers using positron emission tomography (PET). Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 1997; 7:25-3.

Schmidt A, Ryding E, Akeson J: Racemic ketamine does not abolish cerebrovascular autoregulation in the pig. Acta Anesthesiol Scand 2003; 47:569-575.