Baş Ağrılarında Patofizyoloji
Özet
Ağrı duyusu, nosiseptörlerin aktivasyonuyla başlayıp omurilikten kortekse iletilen karmaşık bir nörobiyolojik süreçtir. Baş ağrılarının temelinde, özellikle dura mater ve vasküler yapıları innerve eden trigeminovasküler sistemin aktivasyonu yer almaktadır. Migren, artık vasküler teoriden ziyade santral sinir sistemi aşırı uyarılabilirliği ve nörojenik inflamasyonla açıklanan karmaşık bir nörovasküler hastalıktır. Gerilim tipi baş ağrısı ise perikraniyal kas hassasiyeti ve nosiseptif-antinosiseptif dengesizliklerle ilişkili mekanizmalar üzerinden değerlendirilmektedir.
Pain perception is a complex neurobiological process triggered by nociceptor activation and transmitted from spinal pathways to the cortex. The trigeminovascular system is central to primary headaches, as it innervates intracranial vascular structures and the dura mater. Migraine is defined as a complex neurovascular disorder primarily driven by central nervous system hyperexcitability and inflammatory processes rather than purely vascular mechanisms. Tension-type headache pathophysiology involves myofascial sensitivity in pericranial structures and imbalances within the body's pain regulation systems.
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