Epilepsinin Tanımı ve Tarihçesi

Peren  Perk Yücel

doi:10.37609/akya.2032

Yazarlar

Peren Perk Yücel

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0778-056X

DOI: https://doi.org/10.37609/akya.2032.c15391

Özet

Epilepsi, tarih boyunca Mezopotamya ve Eski Mısır'dan günümüze uzanan, beyindeki elektrokimyasal faaliyetlerin düzensiz artışıyla karakterize nöronal bir disfonksiyondur. Antik çağlarda kutsal veya metafizik bir hastalık olarak görülen bu durum, Hipokrat ile birlikte rasyonalist bir temele oturtulmuş ve beyin işlev bozukluğu olarak tanımlanmıştır. Orta Çağ'daki dogmatik yaklaşımların ardından, 19. yüzyıldan itibaren Jackson ve diğer bilim insanlarının çalışmalarıyla modern epileptolojinin temelleri atılarak tanı ve tedavi yöntemlerinde büyük ilerlemeler kaydedilmiştir. Bugün ise gelişmiş görüntüleme ve EEG yöntemleri sayesinde epilepsinin etiyolojisi ve klinik belirtileri çok daha detaylı bir şekilde aydınlatılmaktadır.

Epilepsy is a neuronal dysfunction characterized by the uncontrolled increase of electrochemical activity in the brain, dating back to ancient Mesopotamia and Egypt. Initially perceived as a sacred or metaphysical condition in antiquity, it was redefined by Hippocrates as a brain disorder based on rationalistic observation. Following the dogmatic approaches of the Middle Ages, the foundations of modern epileptology were laid in the 19th century through the work of figures like Jackson, leading to significant advancements in diagnosis and treatment. Today, the etiology and clinical manifestations of epilepsy are elucidated in much greater detail through advanced imaging and EEG techniques.

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