Epileptogenezis ve Epilepsinin Patofizyolojisi
Özet
Epileptogenezis, nöronal ağlarda genetik veya edinsel faktörlerle gelişen hipereksitabilite sonucu spontan nöbetlere yol açan, uzun süreli ve dinamik bir süreçtir. Beyin hasarı ile ilk nöbet arasındaki latent dönemde; iyon kanalı disfonksiyonları, nöroinflamasyon, sinaptik plastisite bozuklukları ve epigenetik mekanizmalar etkili olmaktadır. Özellikle erken çocukluk dönemindeki gelişimsel değişimlerin ve mTOR gibi moleküler yolağın anlaşılması, nöbetleri önleyici ve daha spesifik tedavi yöntemlerinin geliştirilmesi için temel oluşturmaktadır.
Epileptogenesis is a complex, chronic, and multifactorial process where underlying neuronal network changes lead to hyperexcitability and recurrent spontaneous seizures. During the latent period between an initial brain insult and the onset of seizures, critical mechanisms such as ion channel dysfunction, neuroinflammation, synaptic reorganization, and epigenetic modifications occur. Understanding the developmental and molecular nature of these processes, particularly the mTOR pathway, is essential for identifying reliable biomarkers and developing effective antiepileptogenic therapies.
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