Yaygın Gelişme Geriliği
Özet
Yaygın Gelişimsel Gerilik (YGG), beş yaş altındaki çocuklarda dil, motor, bilişsel veya sosyal alanlardan en az ikisinde gözlemlenen anlamlı gerilik olarak tanımlanırken, beş yaş üzerinde bu durum zekâ geriliği şeklinde sınıflandırılır. Erken teşhis için ayrıntılı öykü, kapsamlı fizik muayene ve standardize edilmiş tarama testlerinin uygulanması kritik bir rol oynar. Vakaların önemli bir kısmında altta yatan neden idiyopatik kalsa da genetik, metabolik veya çevresel faktörler etyolojide temel belirleyicilerdir. Tedavi süreci, anatomik ve fizyolojik sorunları tespit edip fonksiyonel sınırlamaları en aza indiren multidisipliner bir rehabilitasyon programı gerektirir.
Global Developmental Delay (GDD) is defined as a significant deficit in at least two developmental domains—such as speech, motor, cognitive, or social skills—in children under five, while similar conditions in older individuals are classified as intellectual disability. Early identification necessitates a detailed history, thorough physical examination, and the use of standardized screening tests. Although genetic, metabolic, or environmental factors are known causes, the etiology remains idiopathic in a significant portion of cases. Effective management requires a comprehensive, multidisciplinary program focused on early intervention and optimizing the child's functional potential.
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