Çocuklarda Parasomniler
Özet
Parasomniler; uykuya dalarken, uykudayken veya uykudan uyanırken ortaya çıkan istenmeyen fiziksel olaylar olup temelde NREM, REM, diğer parasomniler ve normal varyantlar olarak dört ana grupta sınıflandırılır. Çocukluk çağında sık rastlanan bu durumların temelinde genetik yatkınlık, santral sinir sisteminin gelişimsel süreçleri ve çeşitli tetikleyici çevresel faktörler yatmaktadır. Tanı klinik değerlendirme ile konulurken, tedavi yaklaşımında öncelik aile eğitimi, uyku hijyeni ve tetikleyicilerin kontrol altına alınmasına verilir; yalnızca dirençli ve ağır vakalarda ilaç tedavisi veya planlı uyandırma yöntemleri düşünülür.
Parasomnias are defined as unwanted physical events or experiences occurring during sleep onset, within sleep, or upon awakening, and are categorized into NREM, REM, other parasomnias, and normal variants. These conditions are common in children and are frequently associated with genetic predispositions, delays in central nervous system maturation, and various environmental triggers. Clinical assessment serves as the primary diagnostic tool, while management prioritizes sleep hygiene, family education, and the mitigation of triggering factors, reserving pharmacological intervention or scheduled awakenings only for severe or persistent cases.
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